Evaluating and determining of heavy metals in the atmospheric dust by using statistical methods (PCA and CA)

A. Aghaei, H. Khademi

Abstract


Abstract: Today with the galloping rate of population air pollution has recently become an inherent part of human life. In fact no one can turn a blind eye to the enormous effect of this issue on human health. Street dust is an indicator of air pollution status in cosmopolitan atmosphere. It is very valuable for measuring the amount of air pollution.  In this research a spatiotemporal trend has been conducted on heavy metals including Pb, Cd, Co, Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu and Ni existing in Isfahan atmospheric area. In this study temporal trend analysis of concentrations of heavy metals through sampling during 7 months (May to November 2014) revealed the fact that highest concentration of heavy metals Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni and Cu showed in the last month of sampling (November). Spatial trend of heavy metals variations in this area also showed that the highest concentrations of Zn, Cu, Ni, Cd and Pb exist in the center and southern part of the city (High traffic, and Population); but, the concentration of Co, Mn and Fe were almost uniformly distributed in all parts of the city. Normalized elemental content of soil dust in ratio to their corresponding value in reference soil has displayed the following enrichment order: Zn> Cu> Co> Pb> Ni> Fe> Mn. The results show that there are three main sources for heavy metals available in atmospheric dust in Isfahan city. The first group is metals with industrial-traffic source that contain Pb, Cd, Zn, Ni and Cu. The second group comprises metals from natural soil that contains Fe and Mn; and the third includes Co that originates from various manufacturing industries.

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